The 2nd Meeting of European Laboratory Initiative (ELI) with a workshop on anti-TB drug resistance for representatives of high MDR-TB burden countries was held at the UN Building, Copenhagen, Denmark, from 7 to 10 October 2013. The meeting was aimed to strengthening TB laboratory network capacity and contribute to the Consolidated Action Plan to Prevent and Combat Multidrug- and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (M/XDR-TB) in the WHO European Region, 2011–2015. The participants were updated on the epidemiology of M/XDR-TB and the status of implementation of the laboratory components of the Consolidated Action Plan in the Region, recent developments in the molecular diagnosis of MDR-TB, also using Xpert MTB/RIF and line probe assay. WHO shared a new TB laboratory biosafety manual. A number of countries demonstrated experiences in applying advanced diagnostic tools, recognized potentials of Xpert methodology. IOM Moscow laboratory specialist contributed to professional exchange on laboratory quality management in TB screening among mobile populations in the EE and CA countries with high TB prevalence.